X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, otherwise known as XPS, is a powerful spectroscopic technique for measuring the binding energies of core electrons. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy as a technique is ...

Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) is a surface-sensitive analytical technique that provides information about the elemental composition, chemical state, and electronic structure of a material's surface ...

Researchers have improved an ambient-pressure photoelectron spectroscopy instrument using hard X-rays and succeeded in photoelectron spectrometry under real atmospheric pressure for the first time in ...

Recently, ionic liquids have been recognized as the possible lubricants for metal/metal contacts. The wear and friction characteristics of the liquids are investigated using tribological experiments.

The PHI VersaProbe XPS Microprobe is a multi-technique, ultra-high vacuum surface analysis instrument that is capable of producing focused, highly monochromatic X-ray beam that can be scanned over a ...

AES operates on the principle of the Auger effect, named after the French physicist Pierre Auger. When a material's surface is bombarded with a beam of high-energy electrons or photons, it causes the ...

New research shows that X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) can give misleading analysis results due to an erroneous assumption during calibration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is often ...

X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) is one of the most popular surface analysis methods because it can be used on a broad range of materials and it supplies highly useful chemical data on the ...

X-rays, a type of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths from 0.01 to 10 nanometers, pack enough energy to pierce materials and interact with inner-shell electrons. 1 When they hit a sample, ...