Fuzzy Fredholm integral equations represent a class of mathematical problems in which uncertainty is incorporated directly into the model via fuzzy numbers. These equations extend the classical ...

Numerical methods for differential and integral equations are indispensable in modern applied mathematics and engineering, offering tools to approximate complex physical phenomena where analytical ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract The (unknown) exact solution of a weakly singular Volterra integral equation of the second kind (with smooth kernel and forcing function) ...